Research Article
Epidemiological Analysis of Alimentary-Dependent Diseases Among Persons of Fertile Age in Environmentally Hazardous Regions of Ukraine
Matasar Ignat Tymofiiovych*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
61-67
Received:
11 January 2026
Accepted:
3 March 2026
Published:
23 March 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20261402.11
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Abstract: The health status of the Ukrainian population affected by the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident demonstrates a steady downward trend, manifested by higher growth rates of morbidity compared to national averages. The cohort of individuals of fertile age residing in radiation-contaminated territories (RCTs) requires special attention. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of morbidity and mortality from alimentary and alimentary-dependent diseases (ADDs) was conducted among individuals aged 18–49 cohort living in a region with increased environmental hazard (Zhytomyr and Kyiv regions). Official data from medical registers (SRU) for ICD-10 nosological forms for 2019–2021 were used, with calculations of absolute indicators and case fatality rates (%) for age cohorts (18–29, 30–39, and 40–49 years) and gender. It was established that the primary pathological burden is diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) (Class IX), which dominate the structure of morbidity and mortality across all groups. The highest morbidity and critically high case fatality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) were recorded in the 40–49 age group (IHD fatality reached 69.0% in 2020). Among young persons (18–29 years), hypertensive conditions and diseases of the digestive system (Class XI) dominate. Of particular concern is the critically high case fatality from malignant neoplasms (MN) of the digestive organs among young men aged 30–39, which reached 66.7%, indicating aggressive oncopathology and challenges in early diagnosis. Significant gender differences were identified: women more frequently suffer from alimentary anemias and endocrine pathologies related to iodine deficiency. The epidemiological situation indicates a synergistic effect of unbalanced nutrition and environmental stress, necessitating the development of targeted preventive programs considering age and gender specifics.
Abstract: The health status of the Ukrainian population affected by the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident demonstrates a steady downward trend, manifested by higher growth rates of morbidity compared to national averages. The cohort of individuals of fertile age residing in radiation-contaminated territories (RCTs) requires special attention. A retrospective ep...
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Research Article
Analysis of Tuberculosis Data in the Niono Health District in Mali from 2016 to 2024
Oumar Sangho*
,
Fanta Sangho,
Djibril Barry,
Aminata Diangana,
Lancina Doumbia,
Abou Sogodogo,
Amadou Youssouf Toure,
Mamatal Ag Intagriste,
Mariam Traore,
Mouhamadou Traore,
Ousmane Doumbia,
Yaya Togo,
Abdoul Salam Diarra,
Borodjan Diarra,
Ousmane Boua Togola,
Cheick Abou Coulibaly
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
68-73
Received:
5 March 2026
Accepted:
17 March 2026
Published:
27 March 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20261402.12
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Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch's bacillus) and remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. This study aimed to analyze tuberculosis data from the Niono health district in Mali from 2016 to 2024. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using routine data collected from Referral Health Centers (CSRef) and selected Community Health Centers (CSCom) in the Niono district. The study covered data from 2016 to 2024. We analyzed annual incidence rates, the proportions of new cases and relapses, and mortality rates. Data confidentiality was maintained through coding throughout the study. Results: A total of 6,711 suspected TB cases, of which 718 were confirmed (a positivity rate of 10.7%), were recorded in the Niono health district database from 2016 to 2024. Tuberculosis incidence increased from 22.1 cases per 100,000 people in the Niono district in 2021 to 26.7 in 2024. The district saw a high proportion of incident cases in 2024 (19.3%). Notification to community health centers was the most common method, at 35.6%. The district experienced frequent relapses in 2019 and 2024 (18.8% and 18%, respectively). 99% of tuberculosis cases were treated at referral health centers. The mortality rate was estimated at 1.3%. Conclusion: Tuberculosis persists in the Niono health district, with the number of cases fluctuating and rising. The implementation of national strategies is necessary to achieve the objectives of a significant reduction.
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch's bacillus) and remains a major public health problem in many developing countries. This study aimed to analyze tuberculosis data from the Niono health district in Mali from 2016 to 2024. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted usin...
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